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Running a Neural Network on a Mac 128K

Forums > Vintage Apple > Macintosh > Compact Macs

KenDesigns
New Tinkerer
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Joined: Sep 7, 2025
Posts: 4
Likes: 14
Sep 7, 2025 - #1
Hello all, my first post here. I have been working on a small project where I tried getting a neural network to run (performantly) on the original Macintosh line, including the original 128K (which was a pain). You can try out the booter disk image for it, which I have uploaded here: https://github.com/KenDesigns/MacNIST68000

Please read the README carefully as there are some gotchas for running it ;)

I've also made a YouTube video here where I go over how I managed to go about it, and the challenges that needed to be solved here:

Please excuse the cringe thumbnail, that's just how its gotta be on YouTube...

Feel free to ask any questions :)

Liked by Byte Knight,patters,Nitram78and 8 others

JDW
Administrator
Japan
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Joined: Sep 2, 2021
Posts: 2,536
Likes: 1,983
Sep 8, 2025 - #2
Ken, I just finished watching your video and I must say, you have a truly brilliant mind. Absolutely ingenious!

@frontein1 and @David Cook , you two gentlemen might find this work intriguing as well!

Note that the SNOW emulator mention is found here:

Snow | Classic Macintosh emulator

Classic Macintosh emulator - About
[Image: snowemu.com] snowemu.com
Attachments:
snowemu.com [View]

Liked by KenDesigns,frontein1andDavid Cook

frontein1
Tinkerer
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Joined: Aug 27, 2025
Posts: 17
Likes: 27
Sep 9, 2025 - #3
Agreed this is pretty darn cool!

Liked by KenDesignsandJDW

KenDesigns
New Tinkerer
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Joined: Sep 7, 2025
Posts: 4
Likes: 14
Sep 9, 2025 - #4
>> JDW said:
Ken, I just finished watching your video and I must say, you have a truly brilliant mind. Absolutely ingenious! @frontein1 and @David Cook , you two gentlemen might find this work intriguing as well! Note that the SNOW emulator mention is found here: Snow | Classic Macintosh emulator Classic Macintosh emulator - About snowemu.com Click to expand...
Thank you for the kind words :)

If you like this, I have some good news, this is just the beginning of the tom foolery I have planned for these original Mac models. I have some stuff cooking right now (including a much larger and perhaps more interesting AI model) you may enjoy.
Attachments:
snowemu.com [View]

Liked by JDW

Dave928
Tinkerer
Seattle, USA
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Joined: Sep 17, 2024
Posts: 45
Likes: 33
Oct 8, 2025 - #5
the math was way WAY over my head, but basically you're running it like a game console, boot loading one app to take advantage of the whole machine?

KenDesigns
New Tinkerer
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Joined: Sep 7, 2025
Posts: 4
Likes: 14
Oct 10, 2025 - #6
>> Dave928 said:
the math was way WAY over my head, but basically you're running it like a game console, boot loading one app to take advantage of the whole machine? Click to expand...
Yep! That's correct! When this app is running it is the only thing on the machine, there isn't even an operating system in the way like normal.

Liked by Dave928

Dave928
Tinkerer
Seattle, USA
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Joined: Sep 17, 2024
Posts: 45
Likes: 33
Oct 10, 2025 - #7
so would it be possible to make a bootloader that would load any app all my itself, without the OS?

KenDesigns
New Tinkerer
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Joined: Sep 7, 2025
Posts: 4
Likes: 14
Oct 11, 2025 - #8
>> Dave928 said:
so would it be possible to make a bootloader that would load any app all my itself, without the OS? Click to expand...
I can confirm it is possible! It is what I had to do to write this program (and is an integral part of the SDK I am developing which I used to write it). If you start any of the apps I've written so far and see that loading screen with the rolling fuzz, that is the boot-loader itself! Apple included some provisions that let you load a tiny bit (like less than 1KB) of code to arbitrarily run early in the boot process. The intention I think was to then use the parts of MacOS that are ROM resident (like the floppy driver) to then bootstrap yourself to do whatever.

I personally had set a challenge though to explicitly avoid using or depending on any ROM code, so I ended up writing my own tiny floppy driver to cram into that tiny less than 1KB chunk. Was a huge PITA since the floppy "controller" (the IWM) in these machines are a notoriously difficult part to interface with, and to make matters worse, I wanted to remain compatible with standard Macintosh floppy sector encoding which is another somewhat difficult thing to parse (and ate up alot of my precious code space to do).

In the end though, it worked out well I think! Also, its not just apps this boot-loader can load. Not to spoil any future projects, but I have managed to load some alternative operating systems as well, but more detail on that will come in the future ;)

Liked by Dave928

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